How to wire your garage for electric-car charging: what you need to know

(Green Car Reports) – One of the more daunting perceived obstacles to driving a plug-in electric car seems to be the need for a home charging station.

[aditude-amp id="flyingcarpet" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":1884701,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"business,offbeat,","session":"D"}']

While plug-in hybrids can be recharged overnight using their 120-Volt charging cords, battery-electric drivers should really have access to a 240-Volt Level 2 charging station.

Those will recharge the full battery pack in anything from 4 to 9 hours, depending on the specific car.

Many owners will want to retrofit a charging station into an existing garage, but to lay out the principles, we’re starting with what it takes to install one into a garage that’s being built or extensively remodeled.

We’ve just gone through that process for a new garage in New York’s Catskill Mountains. (Note this applies only to North America!)

There are several steps, but it’s important to understand that the wiring is the first step, and separate from the charging station–since drivers may later choose to upgrade to a more powerful station.

First, work with your contractor and electrician to install a dedicated 240-Volt line to 1 or 2 feet below wherever you plan to locate your charging station.

We sited ours in a corner of the building so a car can be recharged inside, or we can run the cord out underneath the garage door or through the regular door on the side of the building.

[aditude-amp id="medium1" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":1884701,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"business,offbeat,","session":"D"}']

Many contractors won’t have any prior experience with electric-car charging stations, so you may have to educate them.

ALSO SEE: Electric Car Charging: The Basics You Need To Know

The easiest way to put it in context is that it’s the same kind of circuit used for electric clothes driers or stoves.

Second, make sure your new circuit is capable of 50 Amps, which means a 40-Amp charging rate (using 80 percent of the circuit capacity).

[aditude-amp id="medium2" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":1884701,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"business,offbeat,","session":"D"}']

Even if your first charging station is only capable of 24 Amps (as many less-expensive ones are), you’ll want to “future-proof” your garage wiring.

Third, tell the electrician to install a NEMA 6-50 socket–the one used by most charging stations that aren’t hard-wired–in the wall below the chosen site.

One electrician we spoke to preferred hard-wiring, which eliminates resistance heat between the plug and socket, but we wanted to allow the charging station to go with us if we move.

[aditude-amp id="medium3" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":1884701,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"business,offbeat,","session":"D"}']

Fourth, once you have your garage wired, THEN select your charging station and bolt it securely to the wall.

Most people will buy a new one; we were lucky enough to have a used one given to us by Green Car Reports contributor and electric-car advocate Tom Moloughney, who was upgrading. (Thanks, Tom!)

There are more than a dozen charging stations on the market today.

They can be bought directly from the makers or through a big-box store like Best, Home Depot, or Lowe’s–from their websites if not necessarily in stock at your local outlet.

[aditude-amp id="medium4" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":1884701,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"business,offbeat,","session":"D"}']

Things to keep in mind:

• Look for at least 24 Amps of charging capability; 40 Amps is best, but more expensive
• Charging rate should be at least 7.2 kilowatts, which will handle both Chevy Volts (3.3 or 3.6 kW) and higher-rate cars like Nissan Leafs and BMW i3s (6.6 and 7.2 kW, respectively)
• Make sure it has that NEMA 6-50 plug on it!
• Some charging stations are “dumb,” while others come from makers (e.g. ChargePoint) offer online connections between your charger and a phone app and/or online site that will show you instant and cumulative charging statistics
• Ensure the cord is long enough to reach a car parked outside the garage. We’d suggest 16 feet at minimum, and 25 feet is well worth the extra cost.

That’s the short and simple version of what you need to know. We’ll update this article if we get additional tips and pointers from readers or commenters.

[aditude-amp id="medium5" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":1884701,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"business,offbeat,","session":"D"}']

Remember: It’s no more complex than an electric clothes drier–and there are millions of those in garages all over North America.

This story originally appeared on Green Car Reports. Copyright 2016