Pretty Pet Salon debuted in the Apple iTunes App Store in January 2011. It generated more than 7 million downloads on iOS and later on Android. But on Jan. 12, it mysteriously disappeared from the App Store — and then it returned again in a different form at the end of March. Why this happened is an interesting tale.
[aditude-amp id="flyingcarpet" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":412704,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"dev,games,mobile,","session":"B"}']The app, created by Hong Kong–based Animoca, a division of Outblaze Ventures, reportedly ran afoul of Apple because it violated an Apple policy that prohibits app creators from manipulating the top 25 rankings on the App Store. But Animoca says it did nothing wrong and it truly doesn’t understand why Apple banned it without explanation. [Read our investigative report on unaware developers caught in Apple’s dragnet.]
Animoca admits that it used 25 different third-party marketing services. Some of these services may use bots, or fake users with fake iTunes accounts, to download apps in huge numbers and artificially inflate their rankings on the charts. Others use humans to do the same thing, downloading lots of games to fake accounts where the games are never used. Other services generate fake reviews. But it’s difficult for a company like Animoca to know whether its third-party marketing service is legitimately promoting an app or not. And Animoca’s own experience may very well scare legitimate developers away from doing anything that could be construed as risky — or innovative — in their marketing.
AI Weekly
The must-read newsletter for AI and Big Data industry written by Khari Johnson, Kyle Wiggers, and Seth Colaner.
Included with VentureBeat Insider and VentureBeat VIP memberships.
Developers want answers
Animoca and third-party marketers aren’t necessarily running from Apple’s enforcement. Rather, they just want to know what they did wrong. Ibrahim El-Mouelhy, a spokesman for Animoca, said, “We have never used bots or intentionally engaged in any manipulation activities.”
The manipulation of the App Store rankings was a big enough problem for Apple to issue a statement on Feb. 6. In a message on its developer page, Apple said, “Once you build a great app, you want everyone to know about it. However, when you promote your app, you should avoid using services that advertise or guarantee top placement in App Store charts. Even if you are not personally engaged in manipulating App Store chart rankings or user reviews, employing services that do so on your behalf may result in the loss of your Apple Developer Program membership.”
An Apple representative placed its first call to Animoca in early January. The caller talked to an Animoca representative whose first language was not English. Based on that conversation about “fake reviews,” the situation escalated. Animoca didn’t know what Apple was referring to and put the word out to its third-party marketing services to stop whatever they were doing. It didn’t actually know if they were doing anything wrong. But word got back to Apple, apparently, that Animoca had put this message out. This may have looked suspicious.
On Jan. 11, Animoca published a blog post about how the top charts on the App Store could be improved, simply by hiding the apps that a user already had installed. The next day, the company’s apps were removed.
Animoca acknowledged that it used third-party marketing service Gtekna, a two-person firm headed by chief executive Chang-Min Pak. Pak told us that his company only uses legitimate methods, including giving away gift cards, to help spread a game. Gtekna did change its website after Apple’s February statement so that it no longer guaranteed placement in the top 25 rankings. But Pak said his company has worked with thousands of app developers, and none of them has been banned, to his knowledge.
No one disputes that it’s important to get into the top 25 rankings, since the App Store isn’t great at helping apps gain notice among the sea of more than 600,000 active apps. The temporary boost from marketing services can be a godsend for app makers. Once on the charts, the apps receive more visibility and more downloads, and eventually, they gather enough momentum to live on their own, if they’re good enough to please consumers. Pushing an app up by promoting it to people is fair game, but pushing an app to people who have no intention of using it, or completely automating the process of app downloads, will get an app maker into trouble.
[aditude-amp id="medium1" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":412704,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"dev,games,mobile,","session":"B"}']
El-Mouelhy said that Apple’s communication to Animoca did not spell out why it was banned. An Apple spokesman told us it was for a violation of guideline 3.10, which says, “Developers who attempt to manipulate or cheat the user reviews or chart ranking in the App Store with fake or paid reviews, or any other inappropriate methods will be removed from the iOS Developer Program.” Beyond that, Apple declined comment.
“We made several attempts to understand why this happened and how to rectify it,” El-Mouelhy said. “We offered an all-expense paid trip to Apple to visit us in Hong Kong to review our books. Apple didn’t reply.”
The ruling was, in effect, a death sentence for all of Animoca’s apps, which had been downloaded more than 10 million times. El-Mouelhy said it seemed unfair because his company learned about the third-party marketing services from other, larger app makers. The marketing services did not create an unusual pattern of downloads for Pretty Pet Salon, and they did not work exceedingly well.
[aditude-amp id="medium2" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":412704,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"dev,games,mobile,","session":"B"}']
Animoca evidently flew too close to the elephant’s tail, and it got swatted. That also happened last year to Tapjoy, which was using incentives to encourage users to download its customers’ apps. Apple banned the so-called incentivized apps, but Google hasn’t done the same with Android apps.
El-Mouelhy said, “While it is possible that one specific vendor used by Animoca may have been a “botter” (something the vendor denies), please keep in mind that we have used about two dozen advertisers and marketing services providers. These providers were commonly used not only by Hong Kong-based Animoca but also by several other major app companies headquartered in the U.S.”
El-Mouelhy said his company was also in a tough spot. “Our contract with Apple forbids us from discussing these matters in the public or media. This is why we have made virtually no statements, issued no responses, and offered no clarification even when damaging things have been said about our company.” Animoca couldn’t even explain to its millions of fans what had happened.
Apple made no announcement at the time it removed the app. It just disappeared. It also removed Pretty Pet Salon HD, Pretty Pet Salon Pro, Pretty Pet Salon Seasons (by Dream Cortex), Pretty Pet Salon Christmas, Pretty Pet Salon Summer HD, Pretty Pet Salon Seasons HD, Pretty Pet Salon Spooky Party, and Pretty Pet Salon Strategy Guide.
[aditude-amp id="medium3" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":412704,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"dev,games,mobile,","session":"B"}']
Apple’s actions also confuse users
On Animoca’s own Facebook page for Pretty Pet Salon, where the game has more than 200,000 Likes, a puzzled fan asked on March 3 where the app was on the iPhone. Again, on March 6, a fan asked where the apps were. Another fan replied, “They had a fallout with iTunes…or iTunes had a fallout with them and wiped the ones of my iTunes that weren’t on my iPod.”
The disappearance was unusual, since Pretty Pet Salon was a big hit. The Facebook site’s admin replied that Pretty Pet Salon was still available on Android devices via Google Play and Amazon’s Appstore for Android. The game reappeared on the Apple App Store on March 22 as Pretty Pet Salon Seasons. That version is a holiday title. Users who played the old title were just out of luck, as they weren’t able to return to saved games.
El-Mouelhy said that his company would love to be reinstated as an Apple developer. But in the meantime, Animoca had to sell off its iOS development business. The original game’s developer was Dream Cortex, and all of the apps made by that company have been removed. The new developer of Pretty Pet Salon Seasons, which is the new app that reappeared on the App Store, is Pretty Pet Company. Pretty Pet Salon Asian Edition, by Oriented Games, is also still on the App Store.
Apple rarely explains any of its actions. App search company Xylogic reports that Apple takes down about 5,000 apps a month for a variety of reasons. Little explanation ever emerges, though some takedowns may be related to copycatting or malware issues. This case shows that Apple can ban developers and apps from the store. But those apps can reemerge under new ownership. El-Mouelhy said that Apple had no objection to the app developer that it sold its apps to.
[aditude-amp id="medium4" targeting='{"env":"staging","page_type":"article","post_id":412704,"post_type":"story","post_chan":"none","tags":null,"ai":false,"category":"none","all_categories":"dev,games,mobile,","session":"B"}']
Of course, the original developer and publisher in this case will suffer considerable pain. The users from the previous app that was taken down are gone, and now the new owner faces the challenge of rebuilding its audience. Animoca has now moved to Google’s Android platform. It is happy with its audience there. If Apple had communicated more, it probably wouldn’t have lost Animoca or its users. All told, Animoca’s apps have had more than 30 million downloads. Animoca has consulted its lawyers but has taken no legal action yet against Apple.
El-Mouelhy said, “The success of Animoca was due to a number of factors, none of which has anything to do with the alleged botting. We employ great game designers, world-class artists, and top-tier engineers and programmers in an outstanding team that is a leader on the Android platform.”
